The operator can be described as a image which is responsible for a specific operation between two operands. Operators are the pillars of a software on which the good judgment is constructed in a specific programming language. Python affords a range of operators, which are described as follows.
Arithmetic operators
Comparison operators
Assignment Operators
Logical Operators
Bitwise Operators
Membership Operators
Identity Operators
Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are used to operate arithmetic operations between two operands. It consists of + (addition), – (subtraction), *(multiplication), /(divide), %(reminder), //(floor division), and exponent (**) operators.
Consider the following desk for a unique explanation of arithmetic operators.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| + (Addition) | It is used to add two operands. For example, if a = 20, b = 10 => a+b = 30 |
| – (Subtraction) | It is used to subtract the second operand from the first operand. If the first operand is less than the second operand, the value results negative. For example, if a = 20, b = 10 => a – b = 10 |
| / (divide) | It returns the quotient after dividing the first operand by the second operand. For example, if a = 20, b = 10 => a/b = 2.0 |
| * (Multiplication) | It is used to multiply one operand with the other. For example, if a = 20, b = 10 => a * b = 200 |
| % (reminder) | It returns the reminder after dividing the first operand by the second operand. For example, if a = 20, b = 10 => a%b = 0 |
| ** (Exponent) | It is an exponent operator represented as it calculates the first operand power to the second operand. |
| // (Floor division) | It gives the floor value of the quotient produced by dividing the two operands. |
Comparison operator
Comparison operators are used to comparing the cost of the two operands and returns Boolean proper or false accordingly. The contrast operators are described in the following table.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| == | If the value of two operands is equal, then the condition becomes true. |
| != | If the value of two operands is not equal, then the condition becomes true. |
| <= | If the first operand is less than or equal to the second operand, then the condition becomes true. |
| >= | If the first operand is greater than or equal to the second operand, then the condition becomes true. |
| > | If the first operand is greater than the second operand, then the condition becomes true. |
| < | If the first operand is less than the second operand, then the condition becomes true. |
Assignment Operators
The assignment operators are used to assign the value of the proper expression to the left operand. The challenge operators are described in the following table.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| = | It assigns the value of the right expression to the left operand. |
| += | It increases the value of the left operand by the value of the right operand and assigns the modified value back to left operand. For example, if a = 10, b = 20 => a+ = b will be equal to a = a+ b and therefore, a = 30. |
| -= | It decreases the value of the left operand by the value of the right operand and assigns the modified value back to left operand. For example, if a = 20, b = 10 => a- = b will be equal to a = a- b and therefore, a = 10. |
| *= | It multiplies the value of the left operand by the value of the right operand and assigns the modified value back to then the left operand. For example, if a = 10, b = 20 => a* = b will be equal to a = a* b and therefore, a = 200. |
| %= | It divides the value of the left operand by the value of the right operand and assigns the reminder back to the left operand. For example, if a = 20, b = 10 => a % = b will be equal to a = a % b and therefore, a = 0. |
| **= | a**=b will be equal to a=a**b, for example, if a = 4, b =2, a**=b will assign 4**2 = 16 to a. |
| //= | A//=b will be equal to a = a// b, for example, if a = 4, b = 3, a//=b will assign 4//3 = 1 to a. |
Bitwise Operators
The bitwise operators function bit by using bit operation on the values of the two operands. Consider the following example.
For example,
if a = 7
b = 6
then, binary (a) = 0111
binary (b) = 0110
hence, a & b = 0011
a | b = 0111
a ^ b = 0100
~ a = 1000
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| & (binary and) | If both the bits at the same place in two operands are 1, then 1 is copied to the result. Otherwise, 0 is copied. |
| | (binary or) | The resulting bit will be 0 if both the bits are zero; otherwise, the resulting bit will be 1. |
| ^ (binary xor) | The resulting bit will be 1 if both the bits are different; otherwise, the resulting bit will be 0. |
| ~ (negation) | It calculates the negation of each bit of the operand, i.e., if the bit is 0, the resulting bit will be 1 and vice versa. |
| << (left shift) | The left operand value is moved left by the number of bits present in the right operand. |
| >> (right shift) | The left operand is moved right by the number of bits present in the right operand. |
Logical Operators
The logical operators are used primarily in the expression contrast to make a decision. Python helps the following logical operators.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| and | If both the expression are true, then the condition will be true. If a and b are the two expressions, a → true, b → true => a and b → true. |
| or | If one of the expressions is true, then the condition will be true. If a and b are the two expressions, a → true, b → false => a or b → true. |
| not | If an expression a is true, then not (a) will be false and vice versa. |
Membership Operators
Python membership operators are used to check the membership of fee inside a Python records structure. If the fee is present in the data structure, then the ensuing value is genuine in any other case it returns false.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| in | It is evaluated to be true if the first operand is found in the second operand (list, tuple, or dictionary). |
| not in | It is evaluated to be true if the first operand is not found in the second operand (list, tuple, or dictionary). |
Identity Operators
The identification operators are used to decide whether an issue certain class or type.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| is | It is evaluated to be true if the reference present at both sides point to the same object. |
| is not | It is evaluated to be true if the reference present at both sides do not point to the same object. |
Operator Precedence
The priority of the operators is integral to locate out when you consider that it enables us to know which operator should be evaluated first. The precedence desk of the operators in Python is given below.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| ** | The exponent operator is given priority over all the others used in the expression. |
| ~ + – | The negation, unary plus, and minus. |
| * / % // | The multiplication, divide, modules, reminder, and floor division. |
| + – | Binary plus, and minus |
| >> << | Left shift. and right shift |
| & | Binary and. |
| ^ | | Binary xor, and or |
| <= < > >= | Comparison operators (less than, less than equal to, greater than, greater then equal to). |
| <> == != | Equality operators. |
| = %= /= //= -= += *= **= |
Assignment operators |
| is is not | Identity operators |
| in not in | Membership operators |
| not or and | Logical operators |